The Outline of Reform and Development of China’s Education states that in 1994 the Chinese government made education universal in China through a 11.6 billion yuan investment and execution of the Compulsory Education Program in Poor Areas. According to China’s Ministry of Education, the number of Chinese college graduates per year has nearly tripled in the last half-decade, going from 1.5 million in 2002 to 4.1 million in 2007. In 2001 a study by the China Youth and Children Research Center and China Youth and Children Development Fund carried out a survey with a return rate of 94.72% from 37 universities throughout China called the “New Students - Survey of the Development Status of Contemporary College Students.” It focused on six aspects including basic situation, value orientation, learning status, contact with others, attitude toward love and state of employment. The Chinese Economy Series, Chinese Youth in Transition suggests that China’s higher education system is undergoing a shift from “elitist education” to “mass education.” Literature on Chinese youth suggests there is a current shift from unified choice to diversified choice; from seeking ideal benefit to real benefit; and from the accumulation of knowledge to the cultivation of abilities.